Examples of attempts to ground philosophy on some authority that failed are: Rationalism based on reason, Empircism based on what is given in sensory experience, Cartiesionism based on radical doubt, Existentialism based on human life and the every day, Hegel's thought based on history and social reality, and other attempts. All these failed. In the end there is no authority in philosophy. In philosophy nothing is refuted nor is anything proved. You can accept whatever you want to accept. Old ideas can be resurected and new ones born. Arguments are never definitive. Philosophical positions can only be weakened never refuted. Islam as a religion has a very clear source of authority which is God as revaeled in the Quran. In philosophy everything goes. You have the freedom to accept any philosophical position. For a Muslim some ideas are forbidden. Anything that does not contradict the Quran goes.
