How to distinguish present tense from past tense in Arabic?

[zigazigha]

Is verse 2:62 referring to people of the Book before Muhammad or contemporary to Muhammad?

Is this the correct translation?

"Indeed the faithful, the Jews, the Christians, and the Sabaeans —those of them who have faith in Allah and the Last Day and act righteously— they shall have their reward near their Lord, and they will have no fear, nor will they grieve."

Or is it this one?

"Indeed, those who believed and those who were Jews or Christians or Sabeans - those [among them] who believed in Allah and the Last Day and did righteousness - will have their reward with their Lord, and no fear will there be concerning them, nor will they grieve."

[Novice]

Verse 2:62 refers to people of the Book before Muhammad.

"Indeed, those who believed and those who were Jews or Christians or Sabeans - those [among them] who believed in Allah and the Last Day and did righteousness - will have their reward with their Lord, and no fear will there be concerning them, nor will they grieve."

[good logic]

If "Alladina Aamanu"  in 2:62 only means "those who believed" i.e the past, then  that verse does apply to those who believed and are living at the time of the prophet or does it not?
Similarly those who were Jews  or Christians or Sabians some lived during the time of the prophet.

2;62, like 2:81,2:82...and all those verses addressing general believers, or Jews or Christians,,etc have a past ,present and future meanings in context.

It just means All the believers,all the Jewish ,all the Christians and all the Sabians...If.... Then..
Just like:2:81-82
.Indeed, those who earn sins and become surrounded by their evil work will be the dwellers of Hell; they abide in it forever.
بَلىٰ مَن كَسَبَ سَيِّئَةً وَأَحٰطَت بِهِ خَطيـَٔتُهُ فَأُولٰئِكَ أَصحٰبُ النّارِ هُم فيها خٰلِدونَ
As for those who believe, and lead a righteous life, they will be the dwellers of Paradise; they abide in it forever.
وَالَّذينَ ءامَنوا وَعَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ أُولٰئِكَ أَصحٰبُ الجَنَّةِ هُم فيها خٰلِدونَ

Or does this only apply just to the past ones before Mohammed?
GOD bless.
Peace.

[Novice]

2:62 is talking about those who believed before the Quran and died away so their reward is with Allah as per their belief and their actions.

As far as those who were present at the time of the Prophet Muhammad and were conveyed the Quran they were supposed to accept it. If they did not have iman the way the Prophet Muhammad and his companions had then they were not guided as per 2:136-137


قُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَىٰٓ إِبۡرَٲهِـۧمَ وَإِسۡمَـٰعِيلَ وَإِسۡحَـٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ وَٱلۡأَسۡبَاطِ وَمَآ أُوتِىَ مُوسَىٰ وَعِيسَىٰ وَمَآ أُوتِىَ ٱلنَّبِيُّونَ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيۡنَ أَحَدٍ۬ مِّنۡهُمۡ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُ ۥ مُسۡلِمُونَ (١٣٦) فَإِنۡ ءَامَنُواْ بِمِثۡلِ مَآ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ فَقَدِ ٱهۡتَدَواْ‌ۖ وَّإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَإِنَّمَا هُمۡ فِى شِقَاقٍ۬‌ۖ فَسَيَكۡفِيڪَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ‌ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ (١٣٧)

Say, ˹O believers,˺ "We believe in Allah and what has been revealed to us; and what was revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and his descendants; and what was given to Moses, Jesus, and other prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them. And to Allah we all submit."

So if they believe in what you believe, then they will indeed be ˹rightly˺ guided. But if they turn away, they are simply opposed ˹to the truth˺. But Allah will spare you their evil. For He is the All-Hearing, All-Knowing.

[good logic]

Peace Novice.
You say,quote:

"2:62 is talking about those who believed before the Quran and died away so their reward is with Allah as per their belief and their actions.
As far as those who were present at the time of the Prophet Muhammad and were conveyed the Quran they were supposed to accept it. If they did not have iman the way the Prophet Muhammad and his companions had then they were not guided as per 2:136-137"

Considering the Jewish ,the Christians and the Sabians were mentioned in 2:62,  who are "Alladina Aamanu"  in that same verse?  They believed in what before?
2:136-137 includes all the messengers. It just means all messengers come with the same message"Submission to GOD and to follow His message".and we are to believe the message from GOD.
i.e Muslim to GOD exist with all  the messengers regardless of sects and man made religions.
GOD bless you.
Peace.

[Novice]

Peace Novice.
You say,quote:

"2:62 is talking about those who believed before the Quran and died away so their reward is with Allah as per their belief and their actions.
As far as those who were present at the time of the Prophet Muhammad and were conveyed the Quran they were supposed to accept it. If they did not have iman the way the Prophet Muhammad and his companions had then they were not guided as per 2:136-137"

Considering the Jewish ,the Christians and the Sabians were mentioned in 2:62,  who are "Alladina Aamanu"  in that same verse?  They believed in what before?
2:136-137 includes all the messengers. It just means all messengers come with the same message"Submission to GOD and to follow His message".and we are to believe the message from GOD.
i.e Muslim to GOD exist with all  the messengers regardless of sects and man made religions.
GOD bless you.
Peace.

Peace good logic

Please see 4:136
Who are  "Alladina Aamanu" and what they are commanded to do?

يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ ءَامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ ٱلَّذِى نَزَّلَ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلۡڪِتَـٰبِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلَ مِن قَبۡلُ‌ۚ وَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَـٰٓٮِٕكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأَخِرِ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ ضَلَـٰلاَۢ بَعِيدًا (١٣٦)

O you who have believed, believe in Allah and His Messenger and the Book that He sent down upon His Messenger and the Scripture which He sent down before. And whoever disbelieves in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day has certainly gone far astray.

— Saheeh International

[good logic]

Peace Novice .
You said this, quote:

"2:62 is talking about those who believed before the Quran and died away so their reward is with Allah as per their belief and their actions."

Then you said in your last post this, quote:

"Peace good logic
Please see 4:136
Who are  "Alladina Aamanu" and what they are commanded to do?

يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ ءَامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ ٱلَّذِى نَزَّلَ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلۡڪِتَـٰبِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنزَلَ مِن قَبۡلُ‌ۚ وَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَـٰٓٮِٕكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأَخِرِ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ ضَلَـٰلاَۢ بَعِيدًا (١٣٦)

O you who have believed, believe in Allah and His Messenger and the Book that He sent down upon His Messenger and the Scripture which He sent down before. And whoever disbelieves in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day has certainly gone far astray.

Do you see the problem?
"Alladin Aamanu" in 2:62 according to you are those who believed before Muhammed. So  how can this be ?
You are now saying they believe in the messenger and Qoran!
So they must be during Muhammed time and after that. Does that not mean 2:62 is general for all believers, all Jews, all Christians...etc?
GOD bless you.
Peace.

[tlihawa]

Salamun alaykum,
I think 2:62 applies to everyone both before and after the Quran was revealed. This verse mentions four different people, namely:
- Amanu
- Huda
- Nasara
- Sabiina

I can say that if these four groups do exactly as instructed in 2:62, if they believe in Allah, the last day and do righteous deeds, then they are Muslim, since Islam is the only way accepted by God

3:85   And whoever follows other than ISLAM as a system <DIIN>, it will not be accepted from him, and in the Hereafter he is of the losers.

22:78  And strive for God a genuine striving. He is the One who has chosen you, and He has made no hardship for you in the DIIN - MILLATA of your father IBRAHIM. He is the One who named you 'MUSLIM' from before and in this; so let the messenger be witness over you and you be witness over the people. So hold the indoctrination and contribute towards purification and hold tight to God, He is your patron. What an excellent Patron, and what an excellent Supporter.

However, in the Qur'an, the followers of the prophet Muhammad and the readers of the Qur'an are not addressed using the word Muslim especially while in giving specific instructions, for example,

Siyam

2:183   O you ALLADHINA AMANU, fasting has been decreed for you as it was decreed for those before you, perhaps you may be righteous.

Voice

49:2   O you ALLADHINA AMANU, do not raise your voices above the voice of the prophet, nor shall you speak loudly to him as you would speak loudly to each other, lest your works become nullified while you do not perceive.

and in many others verses.

And I've never seen verses that start with "Yaaayyuhal alladhina aslamu" since we are called "alladhina amanu."

So in the hierarchy, first we are all Muslim, and then when we became without doubt, and we strive with our money and our lives in the cause of God, then we are becoming Mu'minun.

49:14   The Bedouins said: "We believe <amanna>." Say: "You have not believed <tu'minu>; but you should say: 'We have submitted <aslamna>;' until belief enters into your hearts." And if you obey God and His messenger, He will not put any of your works to waste. God is Forgiver, Merciful.

49:15   Believers are those who believe in God and His messenger, then they became without doubt, and they strive with their money and their lives in the cause of God. These are the truthful ones.

So back to 2:62, alladhina amanu in that verse is refer to us, the follower of the prophet Muhammad who already strive with our money and soul, just to distinguish from other believer who follow different Rasul. Then it applied to all of us, regardless of the time.

Peace

[Novice]

Peace Novice.
You say,quote:

"2:62 is talking about those who believed before the Quran and died away so their reward is with Allah as per their belief and their actions.
As far as those who were present at the time of the Prophet Muhammad and were conveyed the Quran they were supposed to accept it. If they did not have iman the way the Prophet Muhammad and his companions had then they were not guided as per 2:136-137"

Considering the Jewish ,the Christians and the Sabians were mentioned in 2:62,  who are "Alladina Aamanu"  in that same verse?  They believed in what before?
2:136-137 includes all the messengers. It just means all messengers come with the same message"Submission to GOD and to follow His message".and we are to believe the message from GOD.
i.e Muslim to GOD exist with all  the messengers regardless of sects and man made religions.
GOD bless you.
Peace.

2:62 is in the context of bani Israeel. When the Quran was revealed they were supposed to have imaan in it as per 2:137
فَإِنۡ ءَامَنُواْ بِمِثۡلِ مَآ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ فَقَدِ ٱهۡتَدَواْ‌ۖ وَّإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَإِنَّمَا هُمۡ فِى شِقَاقٍ۬‌ۖ فَسَيَكۡفِيڪَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ‌ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ

[good logic]

Peace Novice.

Then you are saying two different things

1-You said this, quote:

"2:62 is talking about those who believed before the Quran and died away so their reward is with Allah as per their belief and their actions."

2- you say something else, quote:

"2:62 is in the context of bani Israeel. When the Quran was revealed they were supposed to have imaan in it as per 2:137
فَإِنۡ ءَامَنُواْ بِمِثۡلِ مَآ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ فَقَدِ ٱهۡتَدَواْ‌ۖ وَّإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَإِنَّمَا هُمۡ فِى شِقَاقٍ۬‌ۖ فَسَيَكۡفِيڪَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ‌ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ

Hope you see the issue .
GOD bless you.
Peace.