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Can someone explain me verse 4:11

Started by NK, September 16, 2016, 03:39:35 PM

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truthseeker11

Peace NK,

Quote from: NK on October 09, 2016, 06:38:35 AM
I have one question regarding someone has two wives. What does Quran say regarding this matter?.

Please take a look at brother Hafeez Kazi's articles:

http://free-minds.org/forum/index.php?topic=9606725.0
http://free-minds.org/forum/index.php?topic=9606743.0

Peace
6:116 And if you obey the majority of those on Earth they will lead you away from God?s path; that is because they follow conjecture, and that is because they only guess.

10:36 Most of them only follow conjecture. While conjecture does not avail against the truth in anything. God is aware of what they do.

2:170 And if they are told: ?Follow what God has sent down,? they say: ?No, we will follow what we found our fathers doing!? What if their fathers did not understand anything and were not guided?

28:75 And We will extract from every nation a witness, then We will say: ?Bring forth your proof.? They will then realize that all truth belongs with God, and what they had invented will abandon them.

Mazhar

[url="http://haqeeqat.pk/index.htm"]http://haqeeqat.pk/index.htm[/url]

jkhan

Quote from: NK on September 16, 2016, 03:39:35 PMHi all,

I am new in this forum and not very knowledgeable, so please help me to understand 4:11.

My questions are:

1. Is this verse gives a standard guideline to distribute the wealth according to the situation?

2. Does male share always double than female?. Even, male contribution to the family would be nothing and female controls all the financial aspects of the family.


For better understanding of my question, please consider following three scenarios:

1. The deceased left one son and one daughter. They both are single, but daughter is the primary breadwinner. In this situation, does male gets the double share of inheritance than female?

2. Again, the deceased left one son and one daughter. They both are married and wealthy. Still,  the son will get the double share of inheritance than female?

3. If the son and the daughter both are married but the daughter is financially weak. She needs money more than her share. Does male still get the double share of inheritance than female?

Waiting for reply from learned members of this group.

Thanks. 

4:11 Allah exhorts you concerning of your children. To the male identical share of the two females. But in case there were womenfolk superior to two, for them is two-thirds of what he left behind. And in case she is One, for her is the half. And for his parents, each of them is a sixth of what he left behind in case there was a male child (walad). And in case there is no male child of his and the parents inherited from him, then his mother one third. And if he had brothers for his mother is a sixth, ........"

Two formulas are given concerning children according to the clear above verse.. below are the formulas:
A) .... One Male = 2 shares, while female = 1 share i.e. two females 1 share and male 1 share (under this formula (2:1) even if any number of males increases in the family, the formula remains the same....) ..... Male 2:1 Female
B) .... One male = 1 share while Three females = 2 shares (under this formula even if any number of females increases the formula remains the same....) Males 1:2 Females
......
Parents and siblings share Deceased...

One male (only) = 4/6, parents 2/6 i.e. father 1/6, mother 1/6 and nothing for siblings of deceased
one female (only) = 3/6, mother 2/6, father 1/6, in case no siblings of deceased
one female (only) if deceased had siblings = 3/6, mother 1/6, father 1/6, siblings balance i.e. 1/6

......
Let's work this out with the reality of the number of children one family has...

According to instruction A)...  2:1

1... if one has a land, and one male and one female - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 2 shares to the male and 1 share to the female (2m+1f)
2.... if one has a land, and one male and two females - then divide the land into 4 shares and give 2 shares to the male and 1 share each to each female. (2m + 1f+1f)
3... if one has a land, and two males and two females - then divide the land into 6 shares and give 2 shares to each male and 1 share for each female. (2m+2m+1f+1f)
4... if one has a land, and two males and three females - then divide the land into 7 shares and give 2 shares each to the males and 1 share each to the females (2m+2m +1f +1f +1f)
5... if one has a land, and three males and three females - then divide the land into 9 shares and give 2 shares each to the males and 1 share each to the female (2m+2m +2m + 1f +1f +1f)


BUT....
According to instruction B)... 1:2

1... if one has a land, and one male and three females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the male, and then divide the balance of two shares into three equal portions amongst the females (1m+from balance 1/3 each f)
2... if one has a land, and 1 male and 6 females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the male, and then divide the balance of 2 shares into 6 equal portions amongst the females (1m+from balance 1/6 each f)
3... if one has a land, and 2 males and 6 females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the 2 males (half for each), and then divide the balance of 2 shares into 6 equal portions amongst the females (1m{1/2 each}+from balance 1/6 each f)

4... if one has a land, and 2 males and 7 females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the 2 males (half for each), and then divide the balance of 2 shares into 7 equal portions amongst the females (1m{1/2 each}+from balance 1/7 each f)
5... if one has a land, and 1 male and 4 females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the 1 male, and then divide the balance of 2 shares into 4 equal portions amongst the females (1m+from balance 1/4 each f) ... so on..


But in every case, a female child gets less than a male even if she is the only child being a daughter compared to an only child being a son..

That's my understanding of the verse to date. This is if he passed away leaving properties without a WILL... but if he is alive and nearing his end time then he can write what he wishes but with Ma'ruf/good manner deducing all factors into consideration,,, 2:180

jkhan

Now read 4:12.....

The below rule is in the absence of the wife, of the deceased (the wife already passed away). But if the deceased has a wife and is still alive and still her genuine widow, and is not the children's biological mother according to verse 4:12 (biological mother or father don't get any share and it all the duty of children to look after biological parents, but when a biological child dies parents gets their due share) .  The 4:12 law will be applied in this scenario if the deceased failed to bequest in advance before his passing away. Then she (the deceased's wife) will also be involved in the share depending on her male child's presence.. if She had at least one male child biologically she gets 1/8 of her husband's property, if no male child then ¼ of her husband.. Then the 4:11 will be reconsidered with her share as well.. i.e. the below will be redefined.. after the deceased wife's due portion is given.. Verse 4:11 and its formula and rule will not be changed under any circumstances as stated below everything will remain the same but after the deceased wife's due share of either 1/8 or ¼ is given only... similar scenario to the wife's demise.. After the husband's share either ¼ or ½ is given only 4:11 will be considered...

If no wife or husband for the deceased then 4:11 will remain on its own..



Quote from: jkhan on August 17, 2024, 11:33:02 PM4:11 Allah exhorts you concerning of your children. To the male identical share of the two females. But in case there were womenfolk superior to two, for them is two-thirds of what he left behind. And in case she is One, for her is the half. And for his parents, each of them is a sixth of what he left behind in case there was a male child (walad). And in case there is no male child of his and the parents inherited from him, then his mother one third. And if he had brothers for his mother is a sixth, ........"

Two formulas are given concerning children according to the clear above verse.. below are the formulas:
A) .... One Male = 2 shares, while female = 1 share i.e. two females 1 share and male 1 share (under this formula (2:1) even if any number of males increases in the family, the formula remains the same....) ..... Male 2:1 Female
B) .... One male = 1 share while Three females = 2 shares (under this formula even if any number of females increases the formula remains the same....) Males 1:2 Females
......
Parents and siblings share Deceased...

One male (only) = 4/6, parents 2/6 i.e. father 1/6, mother 1/6 and nothing for siblings of deceased
one female (only) = 3/6, mother 2/6, father 1/6, in case no siblings of deceased
one female (only) if deceased had siblings = 3/6, mother 1/6, father 1/6, siblings balance i.e. 1/6

......
Let's work this out with the reality of the number of children one family has...

According to instruction A)...  2:1

1... if one has a land, and one male and one female - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 2 shares to the male and 1 share to the female (2m+1f)
2.... if one has a land, and one male and two females - then divide the land into 4 shares and give 2 shares to the male and 1 share each to each female. (2m + 1f+1f)
3... if one has a land, and two males and two females - then divide the land into 6 shares and give 2 shares to each male and 1 share for each female. (2m+2m+1f+1f)
4... if one has a land, and two males and three females - then divide the land into 7 shares and give 2 shares each to the males and 1 share each to the females (2m+2m +1f +1f +1f)
5... if one has a land, and three males and three females - then divide the land into 9 shares and give 2 shares each to the males and 1 share each to the female (2m+2m +2m + 1f +1f +1f)


BUT....
According to instruction B)... 1:2

1... if one has a land, and one male and three females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the male, and then divide the balance of two shares into three equal portions amongst the females (1m+from balance 1/3 each f)
2... if one has a land, and 1 male and 6 females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the male, and then divide the balance of 2 shares into 6 equal portions amongst the females (1m+from balance 1/6 each f)
3... if one has a land, and 2 males and 6 females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the 2 males (half for each), and then divide the balance of 2 shares into 6 equal portions amongst the females (1m{1/2 each}+from balance 1/6 each f)

4... if one has a land, and 2 males and 7 females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the 2 males (half for each), and then divide the balance of 2 shares into 7 equal portions amongst the females (1m{1/2 each}+from balance 1/7 each f)
5... if one has a land, and 1 male and 4 females - then divide the land into 3 shares and give 1 share to the 1 male, and then divide the balance of 2 shares into 4 equal portions amongst the females (1m+from balance 1/4 each f) ... so on..


But in every case, a female child gets less than a male even if she is the only child being a daughter compared to an only child being a son..

That's my understanding of the verse to date. This is if he passed away leaving properties without a WILL... but if he is alive and nearing his end time then he can write what he wishes but with Ma'ruf/good manner deducing all factors into consideration,,, 2:180


Emre_1974tr

Quote from: NK on September 16, 2016, 03:39:35 PMHi all,

I am new in this forum and not very knowledgeable, so please help me to understand 4:11.

My questions are:

1. Is this verse gives a standard guideline to distribute the wealth according to the situation?


Thanks. 
hi;


In Surah al-Nisaa, verse 11, there is no spouse left behind by the deceased. In Surah al-Nisaa verse 12, the deceased's wife is alive and the formula is different. In verse 176, only the siblings of the deceased are alive and again the formula and proportions are completely different. Just like in today's modern law.

To summarize: In verse 11 the deceased has no spouse, in verse 12 the deceased has  spouse, and in verse 176 the deceased has only siblings...

https://free-minds.org/forum/index.php?topic=9612368.0
[url="https://twitter.com/Emre_1974tr"]https://twitter.com/Emre_1974tr[/url]

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Bajram Hoxhaj

Quote from: NK on September 16, 2016, 03:39:35 PMFor better understanding of my question, please consider following three scenarios:

1. The deceased left one son and one daughter. They both are single, but daughter is the primary breadwinner. In this situation, does male gets the double share of inheritance than female?

2. Again, the deceased left one son and one daughter. They both are married and wealthy. Still,  the son will get the double share of inheritance than female?

3. If the son and the daughter both are married but the daughter is financially weak. She needs money more than her share. Does male still get the double share of inheritance than female?

Waiting for reply from learned members of this group.

Thanks. 

No to 1 2 3, distribute first then they can give it away.

4:11 to the male similar fortune (portion) the females two
Above cannot apply to one female; two need be present.
2 daughters, son (2.0x to male)

so if are they (f) womenfolk above two (f)
so for them (f) third dual (2/3) what left

three daughters, son (1.5x to male)
four daughters, son (2.0x to male)
five daughters, son (2.5x to male)
six daughters, son (3.0x to male)

and if be she one (f) so for her the half
daughter, son (1.0x share equally)

It was narrated from 'Amir bin Sa'd that his father said:
"I became ill with a sickness from which I later recovered. The Messenger of Allah came to visit me, and I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I have a great deal of wealth and I have no heir except my daughter. Shall I give two-thirds of my wealth in charity?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'Half?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'One-third?' He said: '(Give) one-third, and one-third is a lot. It is better to leave your heirs independent of means, than to leave them poor and holding out their hands to people.'

According to the Quran, as the only heir, she receives the entire inheritance after a will and/or money owed, just as an only son would. In 4:11, and if be she/kānat one (f) so for her the half, which applies to situations with one female and one male. However, this is often misunderstood, leading to contradictory shares and false interpretations of a simple verse posted all over the internet, including on this site.

All 2000+ cases equal exactly 1, with no need for algebra.


Emre_1974tr

To summarize: In verse 11 the deceased has no spouse, in verse 12 the deceased has  spouse, and in verse 176 the deceased has only siblings...


Resolution of Heritage Verses

Each of the heritage verses, Nisa 11, 12 and 176, actually offers separate formulas for individual situations. In fact, each sentence in these verses mentions a separate situation and formula in its own right...

When I was researching it online, I saw that there were people who noticed and said that these three verses gave separate formulas in them. But as I said, not only the verse, but also every sentence in the verses also mentions a different situation and sharing in its own right. Each sentence is a separate list of heirs and the proportions they will receive.

Whoever's mentioned in the sentence, they're the only heirs. So either they're alive, or they're still being inherited, even if they're others.

Therefore, in fact, there is no ratio to each other, common formula, hunting, as the sects practice. In Nisa 11, for example, "If there are more than two women, they own two-thirds of what the deceased leaves." is a separate formula alone (if only girls are heirs and more than two girls, this rate applies, or else it is not in other stylish and circumstances).

And so the stones are in place. In any case, it's enough. Not only is there increased inheritance in some cases, but there is also who will be given this increased amount in light of the verses. (E.g. Verse 8 of Nisa...)

Now let's write verses Nisa 11, 12, and 176 describing this heritage share and then provide an example of analysis through one:

Nisa

4:11 God directs you regarding the inheritance of your children: "To the male shall be as that given to two females. If they are women, more than two, then they will have two thirds of what is inherited. And if she is only one, then she will have one half. And to his parents, each one of them shall have one sixth of what is inherited, if he has a child. If he has no child and his parents are the heirs, then to his mother is one third; if he has siblings then to his mother is one sixth. All after a will is carried through or a debt. Your parents and your children, you do not know which are closer to you in benefit, a directive from God, for God is Knowledgeable, Wise."

4:12 And for you is half of what your wives leave behind if they have no child; but if they have a child then to you is one quarter of what they leave behind. All after a will is carried through or a debt. And to them is one quarter of what you leave behind if you have no child; but if you have a child then to them is one eighth of what you leave behind. All after a will is carried through or a debt. And if a man or a woman who is being inherited has no ascendants, but has a brother or a sister, then to each one of them is one sixth, but if they are more than this then they are to share in one third. All after a will is carried through or a debt, which does not cause harm. A directive from God, and God is Knowledgeable, Compassionate.

4:176 They seek a ruling from you, say: "God gives you the ruling for those who have no ascendants. If a person passes away and has no children but has a sister, then she shall receive half of what he leaves behind; and he will inherit from her if she has no child. However, if he has two sisters, then they will receive two thirds of what he left behind; and if he has siblings, men and women, then the male shall receive twice what the female receives." God makes clear to you that you do not stray; God is aware of all things.

***

As an example, let's open up the information given in verse 11.

I have said that each of these verses, let alone each sentence in them, offer separate formulas for different situations. Let's present his analysis:

Nisa

11. "Allah advises you regarding your children: For the male, the share of two females."

That is, if the heirs consist of only children and there are both male and female children, male children will receive 2 units, while female ones will receive 1 unit.

Briefly, with an example, if there is 300 L. inheritance and a man and a woman have children, the male will receive 200 L. and the woman will receive 100 L.

"If they are more than two women, they have two-thirds of what the deceased left."

So if they only have daughters as inheritors and their number is more than two, they have two-thirds of the inheritance. Here I would like to draw your attention again; The desired here is for girls to receive two-thirds only and only in this case. Otherwise, there is no such share in other terms and conditions.
(By the way, considering the statement in verse 176, if the inheritors are 2 girls, these 2 people share two thirds).


If we continue with the 300 L. example, they only have girls and if they are more than two, they share 200 liras among them.

"If the child is just a woman, he owns half the inheritance."

As stated in the continuation sentence in the verse, if the deceased left only a single daughter  she could receive half of the inheritance.

Again, if we go over 300 Lira, 150 Lira means this one girl child.

"If the deceased has a child, he will have a sixth share for each of the parents as he left them behind."

We understand from this statement that this time the heir has left his parents behind as well as his children, and that's why they have a share (one sixth for each ...).

Of the 300 lira, 50 lira belongs to the mother, 50 lira to the father, and the remaining is the children.

"If the deceased has no children and his parents have inherited him, then his mother is one third."

In this sentence in Nisa 11 verse, it is mentioned that "only the mother and father are inheritors". So this time there are no children, only the parents of the deceased are inheritors (even if there are siblings or something left behind, they are not inheritors).

In this case, the mother received a third. Since the share rate is not given although the father is mentioned in the sentence, the remaining two thirds means your father.

In this case, the mother receives 100 Liras of 300 Liras, while the father receives 200 Liras.

"If he has siblings, his mother's share is one-sixth of what is left of his will and debt."

If the deceased has a mother but does not have a father and also has siblings, the share of the mother decreases to one in six. The rest are shared by the brothers. But let's repeat, if the father had also been the father, only the mother and father would have received the estate, and the siblings would not have their share ... (And as it is understood from the verses, if the deceased has a child, the siblings cannot get a share.)

Likewise, in verses 12 and 176, special cases and formulas are mentioned, sentence by sentence. For example, if the deceased left a spouse in verse 12, verse 176 tells how the division would be if only siblings / siblings left behind, and as I said, each sentence in these verses contains a list of heirs and a formula.

If you wish, let us briefly examine the verse 176 of Nisa in this context:

4:176 They seek a ruling from you, say: "God gives you the ruling for those who have no ascendants. If a person passes away and has no children but has a sister, then she shall receive half of what he leaves behind; and he will inherit from her if she has no child. However, if he has two sisters, then they will receive two thirds of what he left behind; and if he has siblings, men and women, then the male shall receive twice what the female receives." God makes clear to you that you do not stray; God is aware of all things.
Here, too, "if only siblings are heirs", it is explained what the proportions are and of course, each sentence offers a separate list and a separate formula:

If the heir is only 1 sister, half of the inheritance,
If the heir is 1 brother, he takes all of the inheritance,
If 2 sisters are heirs, they get two-thirds,
If only the siblings are inheritors and they are men and women, that is, of both sexes, they share the entire estate as one (female) and two (male).

By the way, we indirectly understand from these verses that if there are only many brothers left, these sisters will receive the entire inheritance, or if there are more than two sisters (referring to verse 11), these sisters will receive two-thirds of the inheritance (equally divided among themselves).

If you read verses 11 and 176 of Nisa one after the other, you will see that the rates given to boys and girls only when children are inheritors in verse 11 are exactly the same as those given to brothers and sisters when only brothers are inheritors in verse 176.

(Incidentally, let us state that the siblings mentioned in one sentence of Nisa 12 verse and the deceased's spouse are the heirs. But in this verse 176, "only brothers" are heirs.)

In summary: In verse 11, there is no spouse, while in verse 12, there is a spouse, verse 176 tells how to make a taksim when there are only brothers.

***

And as it is known, what is essential is the testament according to the verses, and these rates are for the division of the remaining property after the will is fulfilled and the debts, if any, are paid.

As you can see, there are none of the problems such as insufficient inheritance or courtyard. The verses describe the sharing of heritage in a flawless manner. The important point here is to be able to see that each sentence gives a separate formula according to a separate list of heirs. In other words, each sentence in the verses gives a unique list of heirs and tells what the heirs will receive in this case.

While solving problems related to inheritance sharing, it is checked who the surviving heirs are, and the inheritance is divided by determining which sentence of the verses related to inheritance.

As an example, let's solve the question involving 3 famous girl heirs.

"A man dies and leaves behind a mother, a father, three daughters and a wife. How will the heritage be shared? ".

Since both the spouse and the children are inheritors here, the fourth sentence of Nisa 12 verse describes the relevant section (each sentence of this verse describes what should be done if there is a surviving spouse):

". And to them is one quarter of what you leave behind if you have no child; but if you have a child then to them is one eighth of what you leave behind"

According to this sentence, if the man leaves his wife behind and has children, only these people can be inheritors. His wife gets one eighth of the estate, and the children get seven eight . Even if the deceased has a mother, father or siblings, he cannot get a share in this case.


***

As I said, each sentence gives a separate heir list and formula, and as you can see, inheritance is always enough.

Increasing inheritance is in question only in some cases, again, as I mentioned at the beginning of my article, there are verses containing signs that show who this increased heritage can be given ... For example:

4:8 And if the distribution is attended by the relatives and the orphans and the needy, then you shall give them part of it and say to them a kind saying.
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Bajram Hoxhaj

Dumbest Qur'an site on the internet, full of spammers.
Prove you're not ignorant—distribute the shares below.

2 daughters, mother
2 daughters, father
2 daughters, mother, father

Emre_1974tr

To summarize: In verse 11 the deceased has no spouse, in verse 12 the deceased has  spouse, and in verse 176 the deceased has only siblings...


Resolution of Heritage Verses

Each of the heritage verses, Nisa 11, 12 and 176, actually offers separate formulas for individual situations. In fact, each sentence in these verses mentions a separate situation and formula in its own right...

When I was researching it online, I saw that there were people who noticed and said that these three verses gave separate formulas in them. But as I said, not only the verse, but also every sentence in the verses also mentions a different situation and sharing in its own right. Each sentence is a separate list of heirs and the proportions they will receive.

Whoever's mentioned in the sentence, they're the only heirs. So either they're alive, or they're still being inherited, even if they're others.

Therefore, in fact, there is no ratio to each other, common formula, hunting, as the sects practice. In Nisa 11, for example, "If there are more than two women, they own two-thirds of what the deceased leaves." is a separate formula alone (if only girls are heirs and more than two girls, this rate applies, or else it is not in other stylish and circumstances).

And so the stones are in place. In any case, it's enough. Not only is there increased inheritance in some cases, but there is also who will be given this increased amount in light of the verses. (E.g. Verse 8 of Nisa...)

Now let's write verses Nisa 11, 12, and 176 describing this heritage share and then provide an example of analysis through one:

Nisa

4:11 God directs you regarding the inheritance of your children: "To the male shall be as that given to two females. If they are women, more than two, then they will have two thirds of what is inherited. And if she is only one, then she will have one half. And to his parents, each one of them shall have one sixth of what is inherited, if he has a child. If he has no child and his parents are the heirs, then to his mother is one third; if he has siblings then to his mother is one sixth. All after a will is carried through or a debt. Your parents and your children, you do not know which are closer to you in benefit, a directive from God, for God is Knowledgeable, Wise."

4:12 And for you is half of what your wives leave behind if they have no child; but if they have a child then to you is one quarter of what they leave behind. All after a will is carried through or a debt. And to them is one quarter of what you leave behind if you have no child; but if you have a child then to them is one eighth of what you leave behind. All after a will is carried through or a debt. And if a man or a woman who is being inherited has no ascendants, but has a brother or a sister, then to each one of them is one sixth, but if they are more than this then they are to share in one third. All after a will is carried through or a debt, which does not cause harm. A directive from God, and God is Knowledgeable, Compassionate.

4:176 They seek a ruling from you, say: "God gives you the ruling for those who have no ascendants. If a person passes away and has no children but has a sister, then she shall receive half of what he leaves behind; and he will inherit from her if she has no child. However, if he has two sisters, then they will receive two thirds of what he left behind; and if he has siblings, men and women, then the male shall receive twice what the female receives." God makes clear to you that you do not stray; God is aware of all things.

***

As an example, let's open up the information given in verse 11.

I have said that each of these verses, let alone each sentence in them, offer separate formulas for different situations. Let's present his analysis:

Nisa

11. "Allah advises you regarding your children: For the male, the share of two females."

That is, if the heirs consist of only children and there are both male and female children, male children will receive 2 units, while female ones will receive 1 unit.

Briefly, with an example, if there is 300 L. inheritance and a man and a woman have children, the male will receive 200 L. and the woman will receive 100 L.

"If they are more than two women, they have two-thirds of what the deceased left."

So if they only have daughters as inheritors and their number is more than two, they have two-thirds of the inheritance. Here I would like to draw your attention again; The desired here is for girls to receive two-thirds only and only in this case. Otherwise, there is no such share in other terms and conditions.
(By the way, considering the statement in verse 176, if the inheritors are 2 girls, these 2 people share two thirds).


If we continue with the 300 L. example, they only have girls and if they are more than two, they share 200 liras among them.

"If the child is just a woman, he owns half the inheritance."

As stated in the continuation sentence in the verse, if the deceased left only a single daughter  she could receive half of the inheritance.

Again, if we go over 300 Lira, 150 Lira means this one girl child.

"If the deceased has a child, he will have a sixth share for each of the parents as he left them behind."

We understand from this statement that this time the heir has left his parents behind as well as his children, and that's why they have a share (one sixth for each ...).

Of the 300 lira, 50 lira belongs to the mother, 50 lira to the father, and the remaining is the children.

"If the deceased has no children and his parents have inherited him, then his mother is one third."

In this sentence in Nisa 11 verse, it is mentioned that "only the mother and father are inheritors". So this time there are no children, only the parents of the deceased are inheritors (even if there are siblings or something left behind, they are not inheritors).

In this case, the mother received a third. Since the share rate is not given although the father is mentioned in the sentence, the remaining two thirds means your father.

In this case, the mother receives 100 Liras of 300 Liras, while the father receives 200 Liras.

"If he has siblings, his mother's share is one-sixth of what is left of his will and debt."

If the deceased has a mother but does not have a father and also has siblings, the share of the mother decreases to one in six. The rest are shared by the brothers. But let's repeat, if the father had also been the father, only the mother and father would have received the estate, and the siblings would not have their share ... (And as it is understood from the verses, if the deceased has a child, the siblings cannot get a share.)

Likewise, in verses 12 and 176, special cases and formulas are mentioned, sentence by sentence. For example, if the deceased left a spouse in verse 12, verse 176 tells how the division would be if only siblings / siblings left behind, and as I said, each sentence in these verses contains a list of heirs and a formula.

If you wish, let us briefly examine the verse 176 of Nisa in this context:

4:176 They seek a ruling from you, say: "God gives you the ruling for those who have no ascendants. If a person passes away and has no children but has a sister, then she shall receive half of what he leaves behind; and he will inherit from her if she has no child. However, if he has two sisters, then they will receive two thirds of what he left behind; and if he has siblings, men and women, then the male shall receive twice what the female receives." God makes clear to you that you do not stray; God is aware of all things.
Here, too, "if only siblings are heirs", it is explained what the proportions are and of course, each sentence offers a separate list and a separate formula:

If the heir is only 1 sister, half of the inheritance,
If the heir is 1 brother, he takes all of the inheritance,
If 2 sisters are heirs, they get two-thirds,
If only the siblings are inheritors and they are men and women, that is, of both sexes, they share the entire estate as one (female) and two (male).

By the way, we indirectly understand from these verses that if there are only many brothers left, these sisters will receive the entire inheritance, or if there are more than two sisters (referring to verse 11), these sisters will receive two-thirds of the inheritance (equally divided among themselves).

If you read verses 11 and 176 of Nisa one after the other, you will see that the rates given to boys and girls only when children are inheritors in verse 11 are exactly the same as those given to brothers and sisters when only brothers are inheritors in verse 176.

(Incidentally, let us state that the siblings mentioned in one sentence of Nisa 12 verse and the deceased's spouse are the heirs. But in this verse 176, "only brothers" are heirs.)

In summary: In verse 11, there is no spouse, while in verse 12, there is a spouse, verse 176 tells how to make a taksim when there are only brothers.

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And as it is known, what is essential is the testament according to the verses, and these rates are for the division of the remaining property after the will is fulfilled and the debts, if any, are paid.

As you can see, there are none of the problems such as insufficient inheritance or courtyard. The verses describe the sharing of heritage in a flawless manner. The important point here is to be able to see that each sentence gives a separate formula according to a separate list of heirs. In other words, each sentence in the verses gives a unique list of heirs and tells what the heirs will receive in this case.

While solving problems related to inheritance sharing, it is checked who the surviving heirs are, and the inheritance is divided by determining which sentence of the verses related to inheritance.

As an example, let's solve the question involving 3 famous girl heirs.

"A man dies and leaves behind a mother, a father, three daughters and a wife. How will the heritage be shared? ".

Since both the spouse and the children are inheritors here, the fourth sentence of Nisa 12 verse describes the relevant section (each sentence of this verse describes what should be done if there is a surviving spouse):

". And to them is one quarter of what you leave behind if you have no child; but if you have a child then to them is one eighth of what you leave behind"

According to this sentence, if the man leaves his wife behind and has children, only these people can be inheritors. His wife gets one eighth of the estate, and the children get seven eight . Even if the deceased has a mother, father or siblings, he cannot get a share in this case.


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As I said, each sentence gives a separate heir list and formula, and as you can see, inheritance is always enough.

Increasing inheritance is in question only in some cases, again, as I mentioned at the beginning of my article, there are verses containing signs that show who this increased heritage can be given ... For example:

4:8 And if the distribution is attended by the relatives and the orphans and the needy, then you shall give them part of it and say to them a kind saying.
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jkhan

Apply the ordainment of the Quran...

2 daughters, mother = Mother 1/3, and the rest of the shares to two daughters... divide the land into three shares ... 1 share for the mother.. 2 shares for the 2 daughters in between them.

2 daughters, father = Father 1/6, and the rest of the shares to two daughters... divide the land into 6 shares ... 1 share for the father.. 5 shares for the 2 daughters in between them..

2 daughters, mother, father = Mother 1/3, father 1/6, and the rest of the shares to two daughters... divide the land into six shares ... 2 shares for the mother.. 1 share for father and 3 shares for the 2 daughters in between them.

don't be ignorant.. apply what the formula of the Quran states..