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Inheritance according to Qur?an

Started by Noon waalqalami, July 04, 2012, 02:45:51 PM

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Recluse

Thanks for proving my point Noon waalqalami , I appreciate it. We must have blind faith.

Noon waalqalami

Peace Recluse -- word/s blind faith is not mentioned rather اىات signs hundreds of times; likewise one has to use logic and cross-reference ?to see? these signs.

2:171 ومثل and similitude الذىن the ones كفروا disregard they of كمثل like similitude الذى the one ىنعق shouts بما at what لا not ىسمع hears الا except دعاء calls ونداء and cries صم deaf بكم dumb عمى blind فهم so they لا not ىعقلون reasoning

29:1 الم alif lam meem 29:2 احسب do calculate/figure الناس the humankind ان that ىتركوا left they of ان that ىقولوا say they امنا believe we وهم and they لا not ىفتنون tested being?


Anyways thread is not about lack of faith or whatever topic and specific to inheritance verses.

inheritance verses summary...

http://free-minds.org/forum/index.php?topic=9604035.msg385440#msg385440


Noon waalqalami

Peace, wanted to bump the summary ...

4:11
Children

ىوصىكم instructs you الله the god فى in اولادكم offspring yours للذكر to the male (i.e. gender) مثل similitude حظ apportion الانثىىن the two (females)

1/2 two daughters (1/4 each) + 1/2 son/s

فان so if كن kunna/be/are (feminine pl.) نساء nisāan/womenfolk فوق fawqa/above اثنتىن two (if 3+ daughters) فلهن so for them (f/p) ثلثا third dual (1/3 x 2 = 2/3) ما what ترك left

2/3 three+ daughters + 1/3 son/s

وان and if كانت kānat/be she (feminine singular) واحده wāhidatan/one (female) فلها so for her النصف the half

1/2 daughter + 1/2 son/s




Parents
ولابوىه and to parents two said person لكل to each واحد one منهما of them dual السدس the sixth مما from what ترك left ان if كان be له for said person ولد offspring

1/6 parent + 5/6 child[ren] {If mixed gender children use ratios to distribute 5/6}
1/3 parents (1/6 each) + 2/3 child[ren]


فان so if لم not ىكن that be له for said person ولد offspring وورثه and inherit said person ابواه parents dual said person (if both parents alive) فلامه so to mother said person الثلث the third

1/3 mother + 2/3 father

فان so if كان be له for said person اخوه ikh'watun/siblings {i.e. 3+ brothers (use 4:12) or 2+ brothers & sister or 1+ brothers & 2+ sisters (use 4:176)} فلامه so to mother said person السدس the sixth

من from بعد after وصىه instruction/will ىوصى instructs بها in it او or دىن judgment
اباوكم fathers yours وابناوكم and children yours لا not تدرون thou knowing اىهم which of them اقرب closer لكم to you نفعا benefit of فرىضه obligation من from الله the god ان surely الله the god كان be علىما knowledgeable حكىما wisdom of



4:12
Husband

ولكم and for you نصف half ما what ترك left ازواجكم azwājukum/spouses yours ان if لم not ىكن that be لهن for them ولد offspring

1/2 husband + 1/2 parent
1/2 husband + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/6 father


فان so if كان be لهن for them ولد offspring فلكم so for you الربع the fourth مما from what تركن left they

1/4 husband + 1/6 parent (4:11) + 7/12 child[ren]
1/4 husband + 1/3 parents (1/6 each 4:11) + 5/12 child[ren]


من from بعد after وصىه instruction/will ىوصىن instructs they بها in it او or دىن judgment


Wife
ولهن and for them الربع the fourth مما from what تركتم left you ان if لم not ىكن that be لكم for you ولد offspring

1/4 wife + 3/4 parent
1/4 wife + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 5/12 father


فان so if كان be لكم for you ولد offspring فلهن so to them الثمن the eight مما from what تركتم left you

1/8 wife + 1/6 parent + 17/24 child[ren]
1/8 wife + 1/3 parents (1/6 each 4:11) + 13/24 child[ren]


من from بعد after وصىه instruction/will توصون thou making بها in it او or دىن judgment

Kalala: single gender sibling/s
وان and if كان be رجل rajulun/man ىورث inherits كلاله kalala (sibling heir; no spouse; no child) او or امراه im'ra-atun/woman وله and to said person اخ brother او or اخت sister فلكل so to each واحد one منهما of them dual السدس the sixth

1/6 brother/sister + 5/6 parent
1/6 brother/sister + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father


فان so if كانوا kānū/be they of اكثر more من from ذلك such فهم so they شركاء partners فى in الثلث the third

1/3 two brothers/sisters + 2/3 parent
1/3 two brothers/sisters + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/3 father

1/3 three+ sisters + 2/3 parent
1/3 three+ sisters + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/3 father

1/3 three+ brothers + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father


من from بعد after وصىه instruction/will ىوصى instructs بها in it او or دىن judgment
غىر other than مضار harmful وصىه instruction/will من from الله the god والله and the god علىم knower حلىم tolerant



4:176
Kalala: mixed gender siblings

ىستفتونك seek ruling your قل say الله the god ىفتىكم gives ruling you فى in/concerning الكلاله al-kalala (the sibling heir; no spouse; no child) ان if امرو person هلك perished لىس not is له for said person ولد offspring وله and for said person اخت sister فلها so for her نصف half ما what ترك left وهو and he ىرثها inherits her ان if لم not ىكن that be لها for her ولد offspring

1/2 sister, 1/2 brother/s

فان so if كانتا kānatā/be dual اثنتىن ith'natayni/two (females) فلهما so to them dual الثلثان the third each (1/3 + 1/3 = 2/3) مما from what ترك left

2/3 two sisters + 1/3 brother/s

وان and if كانوا be they of اخوه ikh'watan/siblings رجالا rijālan/menfolk of ونساء wanisāan/and womenfolk (3+ sisters) فللذكر so to the male مثل similitude حظ apportion الانثىىن al-unthayayni/the two (females)

3/5 three sisters (1/5 each) + 2/5 brother/s
2/3 four sisters (1/6 each) + 1/3 brother/s



1/6 sister + 1/6 brother + 2/3 parent
1/6 sister + 1/6 brother + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/3 father

1/6 sister + 1/6 two+ brothers + 2/3 parent
1/6 sister + 1/6 two+ brothers + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father

2/9 two sisters (1/9 each) + 1/9 brother/s + 2/3 parent
2/9 two sisters (1/9 each) + 1/9 brother/s + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father

1/5 three sisters (1/15 each) + 2/15 brother/s + 2/3 parent
1/5 three sisters (1/15 each) + 2/15 brother/s + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father

2/9 four sisters (1/18 each) + 1/9 brother/s + 2/3 parent
2/9 four sisters (1/18 each) + 1/9 brother/s + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father


ىبىن shows الله the god لكم for you ان lest تضلوا stray ye of والله and the god بكل in every شىء thing علىم knower



seyed

I am a Master student of theology at UofT. I have done my reflection on the 4th chapter with many verses about heritage but they are all abrogated by the first verse. Quran is not a Law textbook. I will attach my reflection and about the 1st verse of the fourth chapter, please see my weblog:
https://godsreligionblog.wordpress.com/2016/11/29/adam-or-eve-who-was-the-first

It is waste of time if we think God has divided heirs forever.

seyed


EMT1851H Surat al-Baqara: An Introduction to the Quran
Emmanuel College Toronto School of Theology
Fall 2016
Reflection Paper
Maddinan ? Al Nesa
Seyed M. Haghshenas
Although Al-Nesa means ?women? in Arabic and almost one fifth of the verses are considering female gender in social affairs like marriage and heritage, it is mainly (144 verses) discussing and explaining worshiping Allah. Beside different quantities, the qualities of the two main topics (whether social affairs or obeying God encouragement) are also different and it seems that many social judgements about women are already abrogated. So contradictory with what the name proposes, the chapter mainly explains worshiping God and God?s characteristics. After an introduction of the chapter, the main topics are discussed in the following paragraphs.
It is the fourth chapter of the Holy Book. Being composed of 176 verses, it starts in Juz
4 and after passing over the 5th one, ends in Juz 6. So its volume is more than a Juz or >1/30 of the Quran. As all Maddinan revelations, this chapter is also a long one with mixed subjects that may happen in an urban community. The verses have different sizes, a few have only one phrase but at the same time some have more than 10 parts. Some parts are only repeating while they may appear to confirm by reasoning or emphasizing. The Sura initiates by a verse addressing people and inviting them to obey their God and finishes with a verse about dividing heir between family members and relatives. Again the beginning verse is a sign of importance for its topic.
   Looking at how verses start, three inclusios are obvious, however it is very hard to choose a practical indication for them. Looking more carefully to whole verses, most probably some other meaningful phrases would pop up.
    أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ نَصِيبً۬ا مِّنَ ٱلۡڪِتَـٰبِis the first one that is the starting phrase for verses 44 and 51. And surprisingly another set of inclusion starts in between from the verse number 48,
   إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَغۡفِرُ أَن يُشۡرَكَ بِهِۦ وَيَغۡفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَٲلِكَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ‌ۚ These two phrases initiate two verses ? 48 and 116 ? to surround 67 verses and all 69 verses are about Allah and worshiping except only 68 that will come as my best verse. And they end with a similar phrase وَمَن يُشۡرِكۡ بِٱللَّهِ to form two verses with three common parts and one different endings,
   وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۗ وَلَقَدۡ وَصَّيۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِڪُمۡ وَإِيَّاكُمۡ أَنِ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ‌ۚ وَإِن تَكۡفُرُواْ فَإِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَنِيًّا حَمِيدً۬ا (١٣١) Two repetitions of a phrase has sandwiched and emphasized two related middle parts. The verse number 131 which shows this intrinsic emphasis, depicts another extrinsic template by being captured by a former verse ? 126 ? and a following one ? 132 ? which both have the same phrase. Moreover, an almost similar phrase is repeated in verse number 171. لَّهُ ۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٲتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ‌ۗ Going back to 131, the enhanced part claims that the prophet followers are not different than the people of the book and should rectify their beliefs.
   Repetitions and Inclusios to-be are inside the worshiping verses but there is only one verse penetrating this region that is about moral issues that is my best verse all over this chapter. Interestingly enough its place is numerically and mathematically is midpoint between 48 and 116 and it is the verse 86. وَإِذَا حُيِّيتُم بِتَحِيَّةٍ۬ فَحَيُّواْ بِأَحۡسَنَ مِنۡہَآ أَوۡ رُدُّوهَآ‌ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىۡءٍ حَسِيبًا (٨٦) ?When ye are greeted with a greeting, greet ye with a better than it or return it. Lo! Allah taketh count of all things.?
   يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ? O ye who believe! ? is the beginning address of five verses: 19. 29.43. 94, 135 and 144.
    وَإِذً۬ا لَّأَتَيۡنَـٰهُم مِّن لَّدُنَّآ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمً۬ا (٦٧) وَلَهَدَيۡنَـٰهُمۡ صِرَٲطً۬ا مُّسۡتَقِيمً۬ا (٦٨) And these two are the smallest verses and both contain a phrase with 19 letters. 67>>>19+4 and 68>>>19 For counting letters the first word of 67 should be ignored and the meaning is not altered.
    يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلنَّاسُ? O mankind! ? is mentioned three times to launch a verse: the first one is the first verse, and the second 170th verses and the last one is 174. The former invites the people to believe in God and the latter introduces the prophet to be followed.
   Some famous verses will be discussed simultaneously with the main topics. However a general one will come here:  أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ‌ۚ وَلَوۡ كَانَ مِنۡ عِندِ غَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ لَوَجَدُواْ فِيهِ ٱخۡتِلَـٰفً۬ا ڪَثِيرً۬ا (٨٢) ?  Will they not then ponder on the Qur'an? If it had been from other than Allah they would have found therein much incongruity.? This verse has recently triggered many Q,As among scholars to find a response for contradictions that a good one is a new definition for revelation and transference.
   Now, let us consider the portion about worshiping. They compose a little more than four fifth of Al-Nesa (144 verses out of 176). One of these verses is the first verse but verses about social affairs are succeeding and a few of them penetrate the worshiping part and the Sura finishes with a verse discussing heritage. This penetrating format also happens vice versa when a few worshiping verses interrupt the initial social block. For instance, the verses 17 and 18 are not homogenous with the block because they are about repenting among the worshiping verses.
   The worshiping block starts with the verse 44 that is the first inclusion. It claims that some people of the book has changed scriptures. Many verses afterward address the Jewish or the people of the book. And Muslims are assimilated to them in a sandwiched portion. St. Mary and his son are named to say negative feedbacks about their audience as well as many prophets in a row. The first prophet who appears is Abraham in 54. Four verses 74 ? 77 are encouraging believers to fight in favor of God. 100 is positive toward immigrations.
   At last, 44 verses are about social affairs. They can be classified to those which are related to gender differences such as heritage and those that are not gender dependent like donations. In many situations genders are the same but in family affairs, they are different and some cases will be discussed. Nobody nowadays withstand an obvious discrimination such as those that mentioned in the chapter. Those cases are about marriage or heritage. Some verses suggest sharing of wealth with the poor and seem to be nonsense in a modern community as social insurance prohibits unfulfilled needs.
   According to the first verse, it is still obscure whether Adam or Eve has been created in advance. Instead of a name, a character is used that is female in Arabic. I think the ambiguity is intentional. Furthermore, this verse is abrogating many following and discriminating verses because there is no clue for superiority of male gender. From biologic point of view, it is easier to create a woman at first if a supposed deity is going to form a couple because a she lacks only Y chromosomes that can be added. I think creation is more like adding than removing.
   Some verses about forbidden forms of marriage that are useless now.
   ٱلرِّجَالُ قَوَّٲمُونَ عَلَى ٱلنِّسَآءِ بِمَا فَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ بَعۡضَهُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ۬  is very famous but I see it ironically. Nobody expect God to provide a reason but all reasons should work to approve the claim. Here the reason does not make sense and the verse is abrogated. Superficially it claim that men are superior but the reason is judging men not comparing two genders.
   Overall Al-Nesa means women and it includes some verses that judges them inferiorly but they are abrogated by some other verses of the same chapter or even the even verse. So I reflect my idea that this Sura is about God and worshiping.
Ps, I have used Access software for data management and I share it.


And the file is for public.










Noon waalqalami

Quote from: seyed on December 03, 2016, 10:05:33 AM
I am a Master student of theology at UofT. I have done my reflection on the 4th chapter with many verses about heritage but they are all abrogated by the first verse.

Peace "master student" -- why spamming this thread with disoriented thoughts which pop in your head?
Moderator can please move last two posts above to whichever  forum, perhaps off topic or trash section?

A Submitter

Quote from: Noon waalqalami on September 17, 2016, 11:34:53 AM
Peace, wanted to bump the summary ...

4:11
Children

ىوصىكم instructs you الله the god فى in اولادكم offspring yours للذكر to the male (i.e. gender) مثل similitude حظ apportion الانثىىن the two (females)

1/2 two daughters (1/4 each) + 1/2 son/s

فان so if كن kunna/be/are (feminine pl.) نساء nisāan/womenfolk فوق fawqa/above اثنتىن two (if 3+ daughters) فلهن so for them (f/p) ثلثا third dual (1/3 x 2 = 2/3) ما what ترك left

2/3 three+ daughters + 1/3 son/s

وان and if كانت kānat/be she (feminine singular) واحده wāhidatan/one (female) فلها so for her النصف the half

1/2 daughter + 1/2 son/s




Parents
ولابوىه and to parents two said person لكل to each واحد one منهما of them dual السدس the sixth مما from what ترك left ان if كان be له for said person ولد offspring

1/6 parent + 5/6 child[ren] {If mixed gender children use ratios to distribute 5/6}
1/3 parents (1/6 each) + 2/3 child[ren]


فان so if لم not ىكن that be له for said person ولد offspring وورثه and inherit said person ابواه parents dual said person (if both parents alive) فلامه so to mother said person الثلث the third

1/3 mother + 2/3 father

فان so if كان be له for said person اخوه ikh'watun/siblings {i.e. 3+ brothers (use 4:12) or 2+ brothers & sister or 1+ brothers & 2+ sisters (use 4:176)} فلامه so to mother said person السدس the sixth

من from بعد after وصىه instruction/will ىوصى instructs بها in it او or دىن judgment
اباوكم fathers yours وابناوكم and children yours لا not تدرون thou knowing اىهم which of them اقرب closer لكم to you نفعا benefit of فرىضه obligation من from الله the god ان surely الله the god كان be علىما knowledgeable حكىما wisdom of



4:12
Husband

ولكم and for you نصف half ما what ترك left ازواجكم azwājukum/spouses yours ان if لم not ىكن that be لهن for them ولد offspring

1/2 husband + 1/2 parent
1/2 husband + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/6 father


فان so if كان be لهن for them ولد offspring فلكم so for you الربع the fourth مما from what تركن left they

1/4 husband + 1/6 parent (4:11) + 7/12 child[ren]
1/4 husband + 1/3 parents (1/6 each 4:11) + 5/12 child[ren]


من from بعد after وصىه instruction/will ىوصىن instructs they بها in it او or دىن judgment


Wife
ولهن and for them الربع the fourth مما from what تركتم left you ان if لم not ىكن that be لكم for you ولد offspring

1/4 wife + 3/4 parent
1/4 wife + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 5/12 father


فان so if كان be لكم for you ولد offspring فلهن so to them الثمن the eight مما from what تركتم left you

1/8 wife + 1/6 parent + 17/24 child[ren]
1/8 wife + 1/3 parents (1/6 each 4:11) + 13/24 child[ren]


من from بعد after وصىه instruction/will توصون thou making بها in it او or دىن judgment

Kalala: single gender sibling/s
وان and if كان be رجل rajulun/man ىورث inherits كلاله kalala (sibling heir; no spouse; no child) او or امراه im'ra-atun/woman وله and to said person اخ brother او or اخت sister فلكل so to each واحد one منهما of them dual السدس the sixth

1/6 brother/sister + 5/6 parent
1/6 brother/sister + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father


فان so if كانوا kānū/be they of اكثر more من from ذلك such فهم so they شركاء partners فى in الثلث the third

1/3 two brothers/sisters + 2/3 parent
1/3 two brothers/sisters + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/3 father

1/3 three+ sisters + 2/3 parent
1/3 three+ sisters + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/3 father

1/3 three+ brothers + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father


من from بعد after وصىه instruction/will ىوصى instructs بها in it او or دىن judgment
غىر other than مضار harmful وصىه instruction/will من from الله the god والله and the god علىم knower حلىم tolerant



4:176
Kalala: mixed gender siblings

ىستفتونك seek ruling your قل say الله the god ىفتىكم gives ruling you فى in/concerning الكلاله al-kalala (the sibling heir; no spouse; no child) ان if امرو person هلك perished لىس not is له for said person ولد offspring وله and for said person اخت sister فلها so for her نصف half ما what ترك left وهو and he ىرثها inherits her ان if لم not ىكن that be لها for her ولد offspring

1/2 sister, 1/2 brother/s

فان so if كانتا kānatā/be dual اثنتىن ith'natayni/two (females) فلهما so to them dual الثلثان the third each (1/3 + 1/3 = 2/3) مما from what ترك left

2/3 two sisters + 1/3 brother/s

وان and if كانوا be they of اخوه ikh'watan/siblings رجالا rijālan/menfolk of ونساء wanisāan/and womenfolk (3+ sisters) فللذكر so to the male مثل similitude حظ apportion الانثىىن al-unthayayni/the two (females)

3/5 three sisters (1/5 each) + 2/5 brother/s
2/3 four sisters (1/6 each) + 1/3 brother/s



1/6 sister + 1/6 brother + 2/3 parent
1/6 sister + 1/6 brother + 1/3 mother (4:11) + 1/3 father

1/6 sister + 1/6 two+ brothers + 2/3 parent
1/6 sister + 1/6 two+ brothers + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father

2/9 two sisters (1/9 each) + 1/9 brother/s + 2/3 parent
2/9 two sisters (1/9 each) + 1/9 brother/s + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father

1/5 three sisters (1/15 each) + 2/15 brother/s + 2/3 parent
1/5 three sisters (1/15 each) + 2/15 brother/s + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father

2/9 four sisters (1/18 each) + 1/9 brother/s + 2/3 parent
2/9 four sisters (1/18 each) + 1/9 brother/s + 1/6 mother (4:11) + 1/2 father


ىبىن shows الله the god لكم for you ان lest تضلوا stray ye of والله and the god بكل in every شىء thing علىم knower


Salam,

Thank you for this brother! Is it final?

Salam

Noon waalqalami

Quote from: A Submitter on December 03, 2016, 11:27:18 AM
Thank you for this brother! Is it final?

Peace -- you are welcome; it's my current understanding which resolves all issues particularly kalala case which when one gets really into it was troubling entering into 4:176; so many if then else combinations and old Arabic poetry was especially useful.   

seyed

Salam
Dear Sir, Quran is not a law textbook. U r busy with something already abrogated. Gender discrimination is not accepted. 2:106 provided u with abrogation mechanism. Quran is a miracle forever and more important than heir division. I can explain how all verses with gender differences are abrogated.
masalama

Noon waalqalami

Quote from: seyed on December 03, 2016, 04:58:52 PM
Dear Sir, Quran is not a law textbook. U r busy with something already abrogated.

Dear seyed, you have 5 pointless posts mostly seeking attention to your site and are coming across as a derelict which we get one/two every few months. If you want to start a discussion have something to share then you are welcome to open a separate thread focus on the topic else please stop spamming with abrogation rants and disappear back into the internet bushes.

Peace!