Peace, dear Noon.
Without diacritical marks
عده in 9:36 is the same as
عدد in 23:112.
I mention this because you consider it important.
As for the years where you get 13 full moons between summer solstices,
man has to take it as it is and live the 13th full moon as it is.
Man cannot postpone it or skip it as he has no means.
peace brook, have a closer look.
9:36 indeed iddata/count l-shuhuri near/with the god dual ten [i.e. (12)] shahran i.e. count 12 between solstices not 13 (man-made count).
likewise, the year is solar in all occurrences, never lunar.
9:126 every
amin/year solar (sing)
31:14
amayni/year two solar (dual)
2:259 hundred (100)
amin/year
likewise, most likely for 200
l-sinina/the years (counted pl. 3 to 9)
10:5 adada/number
l-sinina/the years
18:25 three hundred (300)
sinina/years
likewise, for 400, 500, ..., 800, 900
sana/years, perhaps for duration?
tens: 10, 20, 30, ..., 70, 80, 90
thousands: 1000, 2000, ..., 50000
46:15 group of (40)
sanatan/years
70:4 group of (50) thousand
sanatin/years
29:14 thousand
sanatin/years except group of (50)
aman/year of
this is the only problematic one for it says we sent "a noah"?
Berlin, Staatsbibliothek: Wetzstein II 1913 (Ahlwardt 305)
https://corpuscoranicum.de/handschriften/index/sure/9/vers/36/handschrift/163662-765 CE (95.4%) [Carbon 14 dated by Coranica]

peace and all the best!