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[Kitab=Recorded, Written, a Record, the written laws/rules.]

About the word Kitab, Kufar etc..


Kitab=Recorded, Written,  a Record, the written laws/rules. Kitab has signs showing who is god, examples to lead, moral stories. Moral laws, its to be taken as a criterion for people to lead.
In the common narrative and translations, the reference to kitab is meant to be simple as book  with its verses,
but in the TheQuran, it really refers to the recorded signs or laws from God and to base our actions and guidance to follow, instead of acting in selfish desires.
The book we have can also be called as Kitab, but in almost in all verses in TheQuran it seems its referring either to the collection of signs or laws(Aayats) or the record thats kept with God, on the happenings, ie, who does what for the judgment.


Kafir =  literally one who covers himself off or one who keeps himself away rejecting. So Kafir is one who do not accept the signs and laws of God that are recorded, so can refer to a criminal or one who does acts against laws.

Mumin = one who believes in the kitabic signs and laws and use that as examples to lead.


Aayats are signs or laws to follow that are in the Kitab(book of signs or laws). But normally we are made to think that Aayat referred as verses of the book theQuran, but almost everywhere its the signs/laws.


Most verses we can see this, this is clear here.

2/85

Then, you are those [same ones who are] killing one another and evicting a party of your people from their homes, cooperating against them in sin and aggression. And if they come to you as captives, you ransom them, although their eviction was forbidden to you. So do you believe in part of the Scripture(kitab) and disbelieve in part? Then what is the recompense for those who do that among you except disgrace in worldly life; and on the Day of Resurrection they will be sent back to the severest of punishment. And Allāh is not unaware of what you do.


It clearly talks about the law here, of punishing those who were killing others and driving away from homes,but some group leave them without punishing by favoring them?


2/89

And when there came to them a Book(kitab)  from Allāh confirming that which was with them - although before they used to pray for victory against those who disbelieved(overcoming the trouble makers) - but [then] when there came to them that which they recognized, they disbelieved in it; so the curse of Allāh will be upon the disbelievers.

This is related to the above 2/85 verse and talks about the hypocrisy of those people, when the same law applied to themselves over others.


3/7
 It is He who has sent down to you,

• , the Book; in it are verses [that are] precise - they are the foundation of the Book - and others unspecific. As for those in whose hearts is deviation [from truth], they will follow that of it which is unspecific, seeking discord and seeking an interpretation [suitable to them]. And no one knows its [true] interpretation except Allah. But those firm in knowledge say, "We believe in it. All [of it] is from our Lord." And no one will be reminded except those of understanding.
  

 what are those are unspecific and precise verses here?, it should be signs or laws to follow.

I think its referring to the precise clear laws those people understood clearly why these were in practice and unspecified laws, that many cant understand initially, but asks to follow them and later will come to a clear understanding.

[thats only the Quran]

Literally Quran=Recitation or Reading,

But why the name Recitation/reading, those earlier days, people used poem or phrases that were often repeated to spread some moral laws, truths,hymns etc it was there in all ancient communities and even now, this helps people remember.

Quran should be collection of Aayas

Aayaas=Signs that proves Allah(common goodness provider).

Signs or Aayas, needs to have a purpose, my point is, there are Ayahs/Signs mentioned within the book, that was often read or recited to remind people about God and thats only the Quran.


The prophet read certain Aayats signs/examples/laws for people to follow, revealed  by God, to announce to people at specific instances and its called as Quran in the reading itself.


Some of verses that has referenced Quran.
Saheeh Internation...

2/185
Qur'an, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion.
7/204
So when the Qur'ān is recited, then listen to it and pay attention that you may receive mercy.
10/15
And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, those who do not expect the meeting with Us say, "Bring us a Qur'an other than this or change it." Say,
 "It is not for me to change it on my own accord. I only follow what is revealed to me. Indeed I fear, if I should disobey my Lord, the punishment of a tremendous Day."



12/2

Indeed, We have sent it down as an Arabic Qur'an that you might understand.


13/31
And if there was any qur'an by which the mountains would be removed or the earth would be broken apart or the dead would be made to speak, [it would be this Qur'an], but to Allah belongs the affair entirely. Then have those who believed not accepted that had Allah willed, He would have guided the people, all of them? And those who disbelieve do not cease to be struck, for what they have done, by calamity - or it will descend near their home - until there comes the promise of Allah. Indeed, Allah does not fail in [His] promise.

some were expecting The reading after read will cause the mountains to  be moved, dead to speak, etc..

So here Verses are not just the verses, but signs, signs that proves there is God, reminds of his punishment, his rewards, his control etc.

So Quran is about God alone, his promises etc... that will be reminded to people repeatedly.


20/114

So high [above all] is Allah , the Sovereign, the Truth. And,

• , do not hasten with [recitation of] the Qur'an before its revelation is completed to you, and say, "My Lord, increase me in knowledge."
[/b]

Why not hasten?
I think it asks the messenger to wait for him to gain the knowledge well, before announcing it to public.

25/32
And those who disbelieve say, "Why was the Qur'ān not revealed to him all at once?" Thus [it is] that We may strengthen thereby your heart. And We have spaced it distinctly.

About the word Quran.

4/82 Shaheeh International
Then do they not reflect upon the Qur'ān?1 If it had been from [any] other than Allāh, they would have found within it much contradiction.

5/101
O you who have believed, do not ask about things which, if they are shown to you, will distress you. But if you ask about them while the Qur'ān is being revealed, they will be shown to you. Allāh has pardoned it [i.e., that which is past]; and Allāh is Forgiving and Forbearing.
— Saheeh International



so what is the Quran here, how its referenced within here, is it the book we have now as commonly understood? we know from common narrative the book we have was collected by so and so after the death of prophet, compiled etc..
so it can not be referenced here, right? or is it referring to the previous revealed written down list of verses?


I am thinking of the word Quran refers to "the teachings or collection of laws made by the prophet as revealed".

Mazhar,

Thats good,

So this is in the context of war, and asks the messenger  possibly the king or leader to go for war, and saying no one can ask questions except yourselves, urge the believers in participating etc...


So the cause of Allah, can be any common cause.

Thanks for your comments, I understand.
My question is, does this verse about going to war, and asking the leader not to hesitate doing it?
The word 'fight' is the one we see in the common translations.
 But how we fight in the name of Allah, is it fighting just by saying the word Allah or fighting for spreading the Religion?

my main point in taking this verse, for getting the deeper meaning of the name Allah, fighting in the name of Allah should be a fight thats done for an issue hurting the community or an injustice, that is the common goodness.

[So fight, [O Muḥammad], in the cause of Allāh; you are not held responsible except for yourself. And encourage the believers [to join you]that perhaps Allāh will restrain the [military] might of those who disbelieve. And Allāh is greater in might and stronger in [exemplary] punishment.]

Mazhar,

If you can get the exact problem with the grammar in the above verse I translated it should be better, instead of this long para.

4/84 Saheeh International..
So fight, [O Muḥammad], in the cause of Allāh; you are not held responsible except for yourself. And encourage the believers [to join you]
that perhaps Allāh will restrain the [military] might of those who disbelieve. And Allāh is greater in might and stronger in [exemplary] punishment.

into
So fight/put effort in the cause of Allah (for common goodness) Not others are responsible except yourselves,and encourage the other believers in this,
Allah will restrain the strength of those who deny and works against the common good.
And Allah is greater in strength and stronger in punishment.


 I just look more into the  semantics or logics here, and that this verse not directly referring  to a military fight or war, as we infer from the common translation. We can see from the previous verse and other verses, it could be some security or fear giving issue.

[common goodness provider]

I think, understanding some of basic words that defines the religion itself looks basically wrong, and we need to see and view words like Allah, Islam, Quran, Kitab, Aayat, Muslim, Mumin, Salat, Kafir etc.. in the right way to get the clear message.

The message behind the book  and the current mainstream Islam we practice doesnt fit well, thats why so many people for so many years are discussing here with their own arguments, yet we struggle to get a clear common understanding.
I think most are trying to retrieve whats not there. for example the ritual Salat we are practicing was not there detailed, it means the way is not that important.

The traditional narratives and explanations doesn't fit in well. It looks those were being forcefully created to explain  certain things that are not clear or to change the real meaning as per later day understandings. we  could clearly see that in the common translations, many of the words in verses being misrepresented added in brackets to create a narrative that Quran to be a book with defined aayats/verses.


But I see some these words in a little different way, which when applied gives the right meanings.

1. Allah, the common goodness provider of all mankind. so main part of belief in Allah, is to believe in common goodness which is opposite to that of acting in self desire, in every opportunity.

2. The total book itself is not equal to Quran, But Quran the term refers just the teachings of the messenger,may be we can say the book contains the Quran/teachings. This many would not agree.May be we get the clear understanding as we see individual verses.

3.The Quran includes aayats which are signs or examples to follow as given or recited by him, so i think only the examples to follow are aayats

4. The word kitab, these are the written down moral stories of different other prophets and their life events. People of the Kitabs refers to the Christians, as they have multiple kitabs of different prophetic figures, that they read and preach.




5.Mumin is one who accepts the moral aayats the examples/signs and follow/act on those,
and kafir is one who rejects the signs/examples and disbelieve in God
Muslim is one who submits to the God.

6.Salat is to adore or praise god expressed in a certain way, we naturally adore something if really when we feel a deep, intense love and admiration for them in high regard.


I will start with this verse,


4/84
So fight, [O Muḥammad], in the cause of Allāh; you are not held responsible except for yourself. And encourage the believers [to join you]
that perhaps Allāh will restrain the [military] might of those who disbelieve. And Allāh is greater in might and stronger in [exemplary] punishment.



Here Muhammed is inserted,  it could refer to any other individual.?

it says in the cause of Allah(what exactly is allahs cause? so if Allah is common Goodness provider, then here fighting is for some common good,

the word military is inserted in brackets but it could be anything family welfare, working for social benefits or of some other common goodness cause?
Who is a Kafir? is it just one who doesnt believe in Allah? no  (one who is against the common goodness and act in self desire).

so the verse be translated,

So fight/put effort in the cause of Allah (for common goodness) Not others are responsible except yourselves,and encourage the other believers in this,
Allah will restrain the strength of those who deny and works against the common good.
And Allah is greater in strength and stronger in punishment.



will continue with other verses with these understandings...any questions or issues in my understanding lets discuss.

Theres a timing, but its only for our comfort, i dont think its so important, saying morning and evening and day and night is to highlight its importance. Only muslims worry about the inner details, every religion has prayers and theres no such strict adherences or not much worried about the uniformity all through out the world. Even Quran didnt give that.

17/78
Establish prayer at the decline of the sun  until the darkness of the night1 and  the Qur'ān  of dawn.2 Indeed, the recitation of dawn is ever witnessed.

It highlights the important of prayer and reading, can be translated as,

Spend time to establish your adoration/prayer after your works are completed, until you sleep, and do the recitation(reading) at early morning time, the recitation at early morning is very helpful.

17/79
And from  the night, pray with it as additional  for you; it is expected that your Lord will resurrect you to a praised station.

If you have time, you can pray extra in the night without sleeping, that will help you improve & raise your level before God.


Also these prayer calls on those days will be like clocks of the present days, announcing specific times so people could know and plan their works and rest accordingly.

So 24/48 is not about prayer timing but about privacy and the times are taken as pointers.


Again 11/114
And establish prayer at the two ends of the day and at the approach of the night. Indeed, good deeds do away with misdeeds. That is a reminder for those who remember.

Here its saying, "establish your adoration/prayers at morning and evening(before and after your works/day), and before sleeping, indeed good deeds do away with misdeeds, that is a reminder for those who remember."


17/80
And say, "My Lord, cause me to enter a sound entrance1 and to exit a sound exit2 and grant me from Yourself a supporting authority."

This again looks incorrect, its not referring any event, it could refer to the incoming day,
My lord make my day/work start and end better and you be always beside me an authority helping.

Iyaakka,

Yes I understand and accept your point, but I feel the Salat as Prayer is lacking something or missing to explain the true translations, Like see the angels do Salat on the prophet, do they pray on him? or do they do blessing?

The birds with their wings spread and all the beings in this world do it on the God.The Animals do seek some kind of affection by embracing.

Adore is somehow we all do, even anyone could do that so easily, a simple expression is enough and we feel a lot better. I feel 'Prayer' becomes a little more complicated and becomes a special ritual and the mainstream salat in Arabic as a non arabic i feel distant and machine or robot kind of expression.

[Pronounce/Express/Uphold the Adoration]

Aqimus Salat,


Pronounce/Express/Uphold the Adoration


Instead of the word prayer, i had found a better word that i think is closer to the word 'salat. Adore(literally meaning
to love and admire somebody/something very much)

So each can do this in their own ways, adoration of something,  raising their hands, clapping, singing songs,  raising slogans, embracing, sujud etc.. so what should be the better method depends on what we adore.

so what could be the benefit, we adore something we desire and wants to be closer to us, so this brings happiness and blessings.



The timing I think is for our comfort and only when done in a group, we need to consider everyone in the group and plan this.

The better timing for group prayers would be,
when we start our day or work, we can do our prayers, early morning, when the sun raises, we see that as a blessing too and help start our day better.

And the end of our work or day, which normally is the evening, when everyone finish their works and participate. Thanking for the day.

The ends of the days are easy for everyone at any place to find and participate and perform.

And possibly the middle of the day noon, as many take rest in between and for lunch.


Now mainstream muslims pray using multiple verses of the Quran, which some has no relation with the adoration. Will that be right? Or Recitation(Quran) can be an additional part that could be optional for people to learn after their Prayers/Adoration.